Unlike ductile iron, gray iron is a type of cast iron in which carbon crystallizes into narrow, elongated flakes. To produce cast iron, more carbon must be added to the molten iron than needed to produce steel. Most grades of steel contain less than 1.2% carbon, while cast iron typically contain 2.5% to 4% of carbon. Adding carbon lowers the iron’s melting point and makes the metal more fluid, allowing us to manufacture parts with more complex shapes.
Gray iron is mainly used because of its ease of machining and its lower cost of production. When exposed to significant impact, these flakes can cause cracks to propagate in the metal. However, despite showing limited impact resistance, gray iron possesses remarkable properties, including the following:
Gray iron properties | ||
---|---|---|
ASTM A-48 Grade | Tensile strenght (PSI) | Typical Brinell hardness |
CL 25 | 25 000 | 196-228 |
CL 30 | 30 000 | 212-241 |
CL 35 | 35 000 | 217-248 |
CL 40 | 40 000 | 217-269 |
Equivalent grades of gray iron | |||
---|---|---|---|
ASTM A-48 Grade | DIN 1691 | EN 1561 | ISO 185 |
CL 25 | GG-15 | EN-GJL-150 | 150 |
CL 30 | GG-20 | EN-GJL-200 | 200 |
CL 35 | GG-25 | EN-GJL-250 | 250 |
CL 40 | GG-30 | EN-GJL-300 | 300 |
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